Direct heating stations with instantaneous domestic hot water preparation are used in single-family houses, where pressure and temperature conditions allow direct connections, but the most common use is in the multi-family buildings with decentralized heating and DHW installations.
An indirect substation is used when district heating network conditions, such as pressure and temperature, do not allow direct connection. When a substation is connected indirectly, a heat exchanger provides energy-efficient heat transfer. It also ensures that the primary network supply side and the secondary building installation side remain safely separated.
Instantaneous water heaters provide hot water instantaneously and only as it is needed. Danfoss offers a comprehensive range of products with different control solutions based on principles of flow, thermostatic, flow and thermostatic or electronic controlling. When you turn on a hot water tap in your home, cold water travels through a pipe into a heat exchanger in the unit. The cold water is heated in the heat exchanger via district heating water or another waterborne heat source. As a result, the water heaters deliver a constant supply of instant hot water.